# Security Features ## Overt: Level 1 Features (L1) ### Serial Numbers ### Guilloché Ornamental Patterns ### Security Glyphs ### Laser Engraving ### Prismatic Coloration ### Simulated Watermark ### Latent Effect ### See-Through Window ### Hologram Overlays ### Laser Pseudo Negative Brail ### Colored Substrate Core ## Covert: Level 2 Features (L2) ### Microprinting ### Ultraviolet Dyes ### Optically Variable Ink ### Nanoprinting ### Dual Axis CLR ### Laser Microtext ## Forensic: Level 3 Features (L3) Both Vertisan and central banks are additionally using *Level 3 features* (L3) which are kept completely secret. They are necessary to maintain the integrity of cash in circulation and isolate professional counterfeiting. Examples of L3 features that may be included in the manufacturing process of Vertisan Smart Cards are as follows: ### Proprietary Polycarbonate Substrate ### Nano Line Width Modulation ### E-IPI (Encrypted Invisible Personal Information) ### Hologram Foils ### Phosphorescent Dyes [Phosphorescence - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorescence) may accompany fluorescence and shows an after-glow when the UV light is switched off. ### Anti-Copying Constellations [EURion constellation - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/EURion_constellation) ### Radio Frequency Identification Implants (RFID) [Radio-frequency identification - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFID) ### M-Feature [Giesecke+Devrient - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giesecke%2BDevrient) ### LetterScreen Ghost Features ## Digital False-Positive Testing ### Online Testing ### Offline Testing ## References [EUIPO Anti-Counterfeiting Technology Guide](https://euipo.europa.eu/ohimportal/en/web/observatory/news/-/action/view/8550135) [Security features: Europa series €100 banknote](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/banknotes/security/html/index.en.html#feel) [Digital Document Security](https://www.hwsands.com/files/SI_03%20Version-1.pdf) ### See Also [Security printing - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_printing) [Tamper-evident technology - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamper-evident_technology#Credit_cards,_money,_stamps,_coupons) [Banknote processing - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banknote_processing) ##### Relevant Tags > #vcos